Executive Order 13978 · Signed Jan 18, 2021

86 FR 6809 · Published Jan 22, 2021 · Effective on signing

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Building the National Garden of American Heroes

national monumentscultural heritagefederal arts fundingpublic history

Signed by President Donald Trump

Revises an earlier order to expand the list of Americans to be honored as statues in the National Garden of American Heroes, directs the Secretary of the Interior to identify a site and proceed with construction, and allocates a share of federal arts and humanities funding to commission the statues.

Establishes a recurring public-reporting requirement and commits a portion of discretionary funding from the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities to the project, making this the most concrete funding directive the Garden has received to date.

What this order does

What it orders

The order amends Executive Order 13934 to expand and finalize the list of approximately 240 historically significant Americans — from George Washington and Frederick Douglass to Kobe Bryant and Ruth Bader Ginsburg — whose statues are to be featured in the National Garden of American Heroes. It directs the Secretary of the Interior to identify a suitable site and proceed with construction to the extent authorized by existing or future law. It also directs the Chairpersons of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities to target spending one-twelfth of their agencies' discretionary funds on commissioning statues for the Garden.

The order requires the Interagency Task Force to publish an annual public report tracking construction progress and listing statues commissioned or placed, until the Garden is fully established. It broadens the definition of "historically significant American" to include any individual who made substantive contributions to America's public life or had a substantive effect on its history, and it removes a prior cross-reference restriction that had conditioned site options on certain subsidiary requirements.

Who it affects

The Department of the Interior, the National Endowment for the Arts, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Interagency Task Force are directed to act. Artists and sculptors who may receive federal commissions and the general public who would visit the completed park are also reached by the order's directives.

Why it matters

The NEA and NEH are now directed to steer one-twelfth of their discretionary budgets toward Garden statues, which could affect how much funding is available for other arts and humanities grants. The Interior Department must actively pursue a construction site, moving the project from planning to implementation.

What must happen and when

How the order is supposed to work

The Secretary of the Interior leads site selection and construction, constrained by existing appropriations and statutory authority. The NEA and NEH Chairpersons allocate the one-twelfth funding share in consultation with their respective advisory councils and the Task Force. Progress is tracked through annual Task Force public reports that must list all statues commissioned or installed. No hard construction deadline is set; the reporting obligation continues until all listed statues are in place. The order's implementation is expressly subject to available appropriations.

Actions and deadlines

  • Identify a suitable site for the National Garden and proceed with constructionNo deadline specified
  • Target one-twelfth of discretionary funds on commissioning statues for the National GardenNo deadline specified
  • Publish an annual public report on construction progress and statues commissioned or placedAnnually until the National Garden is fully established

Agencies directed to act

Department of the InteriorNational Endowment for the ArtsNational Endowment for the HumanitiesInteragency Task Force for Building and Rebuilding Monuments to American Heroes

Authority and reach

Authorities cited

Article II

Constitutional grant of executive power to the President.

What this order changes

Amends Executive Order 13934

Executive Order

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Executive Order 13978: Building the National Garden of American Heroes | EO Reporter