Executive Order 14012 · Signed Feb 2, 2021

86 FR 8277 · Published Feb 5, 2021 · Effective on signing

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Restoring Faith in Our Legal Immigration Systems and Strengthening Integration and Inclusion Efforts for New Americans

immigration policynaturalizationimmigrant integrationpublic charge rulesfederal immigration benefits

Signed by President Joseph R. Biden Jr.

The order directs the Departments of State, Justice, and Homeland Security to review immigration regulations for barriers to legal immigration access, overhaul the naturalization process, and revamp public charge policies, while revoking a 2019 memo on immigrant-sponsor enforcement.

It establishes two new interagency bodies — a Task Force on New Americans and a Naturalization Working Group — to coordinate federal efforts to welcome, integrate, and help eligible immigrants become citizens.

What this order does

What it orders

The order directs the Secretary of State, Attorney General, and Secretary of Homeland Security to review existing regulations and policies for barriers to legal immigration benefits and fair adjudications, identify actions inconsistent with a pro-integration policy, and submit implementation plans to the President. It also requires a separate review of all agency actions related to "public charge" inadmissibility rules — policies that can bar immigrants who have used public benefits — with recommendations for reform. On naturalization, it directs those same secretaries to develop a plan to streamline the process, reduce fees, and expand access for military members and eligible candidates born abroad.

The order establishes an Interagency Working Group on Promoting Naturalization, chaired by the Secretary of Homeland Security, to develop a national naturalization-promotion strategy. It also directs the Domestic Policy Council to convene a Task Force on New Americans to coordinate integration and inclusion efforts. Additionally, it revokes the May 23, 2019, Presidential Memorandum on enforcing sponsor financial responsibilities and requires relevant agencies to review and, where appropriate, suspend any enforcement actions taken under it.

Who it affects

Immigrants and refugees residing in the United States seeking immigration benefits, naturalization, or access to public services; immigrant sponsors previously subject to financial-liability enforcement; federal agencies administering immigration and naturalization programs; and state and local governments whose integration programs the federal government aims to support.

Why it matters

Immigrants facing high naturalization fees, long processing times, or fear of public-charge rules may see those barriers reduced or eliminated if the ordered reviews result in policy changes. The revocation of the sponsor-enforcement memo immediately halts a category of compliance investigations that affected immigrant families and their U.S.-citizen sponsors.

What must happen and when

How the order is supposed to work

Implementation works in stages: agencies first submit 60- and 90-day plans, then follow-up progress reports 180 days after each plan. The Naturalization Working Group produces a national strategy within 90 days. The DPC Task Force on New Americans coordinates across all participating agencies. The order contains no direct enforcement mechanism beyond the reporting requirements; actual policy changes depend on the plans and recommendations agencies subsequently develop and act upon. A standard non-self-execution clause bars individuals from asserting legal rights based on the order.

Actions and deadlines

  • Develop a plan to improve the naturalization process, reduce fees, and expand accessWithin 60 days of signing
  • Submit a report on public charge agency actions and intended steps to reduce fear and confusionWithin 60 days of signing
  • Submit a plan to the President outlining steps each agency will take to advance pro-integration immigration policyWithin 90 days of signing
  • Naturalization Working Group submit a national strategy to promote naturalization to the PresidentWithin 90 days of signing
  • Submit a report describing progress in implementing the naturalization improvement planWithin 180 days of submitting the naturalization improvement plan
  • Submit a report on progress implementing the immigration-system integration plan and any barriers encounteredWithin 180 days of submitting the 90-day immigration plan
  • Review and determine whether to suspend enforcement actions initiated under the revoked 2019 sponsor-enforcement memoNo deadline specified

Agencies directed to act

Department of StateDepartment of JusticeDepartment of Homeland SecurityWhite House Domestic Policy CouncilDepartment of LaborDepartment of Health and Human ServicesDepartment of Housing and Urban DevelopmentDepartment of EducationDepartment of AgricultureSocial Security AdministrationDepartment of Defense

Authority and reach

Authorities cited

Article II

Constitutional grant of executive power to the President.

Immigration and Nationality Act, 8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(4)

Statutory provision allowing denial of admission to immigrants likely to become a public charge.

Emergency Stopgap USCIS Stabilization Act

2020 law providing temporary USCIS funding and constraining certain fee schedule changes.

Executive Order

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Executive Order 14012: Restoring Faith in Our Legal Immigration Systems and Strengthening Integration and Inclusion Efforts for New Americans | EO Reporter