Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates Consistent With the Economic and Trade Arrangement Between the United States and the People's Republic of China
The order implements the U.S. side of the 'Kuala Lumpur Joint Arrangement' reached with China on October 30, 2025, by formally extending the suspension of elevated reciprocal tariffs on all Chinese imports — keeping the rate at 10 percent instead of the higher emergency-level duties — through 12:01 a.m. on November 10, 2026.
It directs Treasury, Commerce, and the U.S. Trade Representative to monitor China's compliance with its reciprocal commitments on rare earth export controls, semiconductor market access, and agricultural purchases, and reserves the President's authority to reimpose higher tariffs if China fails to deliver.
What this order does
What it orders
The order continues the suspension of the heightened reciprocal tariff rates previously imposed on imports from China under the April 2025 national emergency declaration. Rather than allowing those elevated duties to resume, the order keeps a 10 percent additional ad valorem (percentage-of-value) duty in place on Chinese goods through 12:01 a.m. on November 10, 2026. It formally implements the U.S. commitment under the Kuala Lumpur Joint Arrangement — an economic and trade deal reached after the President met with President Xi Jinping on October 30, 2025. It also delegates authority to Treasury, Commerce, the Department of Homeland Security, and the U.S. Trade Representative to issue rules, regulations, or guidance to implement the order.
The order further directs Treasury, Commerce, and the U.S. Trade Representative to monitor trade conditions and periodically update the President on China's progress in fulfilling its commitments, including postponing export controls on rare earth elements and critical minerals, reducing retaliation against U.S. semiconductor companies, and purchasing U.S. agricultural products. If China fails to meet its commitments, the President reserves authority to modify or terminate the suspension and reimpose higher tariffs.
Who it affects
U.S. businesses and consumers who import goods from China, U.S. agricultural exporters (soybeans, sorghum, logs) and semiconductor manufacturers who stand to benefit from China's reciprocal commitments, and the federal agencies directed to monitor and enforce the arrangement.
Why it matters
By holding tariffs on all Chinese goods at 10 percent rather than the much higher rates that would otherwise apply, the order directly affects import costs across a vast range of products. American importers, manufacturers relying on Chinese inputs, and consumers face lower costs than the alternative emergency-level tariffs would impose.
What must happen and when
How the order is supposed to work
The specific Harmonized Tariff Schedule heading (9903.01.63) that would trigger the higher reciprocal rates is suspended through November 10, 2026. Treasury, Commerce, DHS, and USTR are delegated IEEPA authority and may issue rules and guidance to implement the order and may redelegate within their agencies. Compliance monitoring is ongoing — Treasury and USTR must update the President on China's performance under the Arrangement. If China defaults, the President may modify the order and restore elevated tariffs. A severability clause protects remaining provisions if any part is invalidated.
Actions and deadlines
- Suspend Harmonized Tariff Schedule heading 9903.01.63 and the corresponding U.S. note, maintaining the 10 percent duty rate on Chinese imports
- Monitor trade-deficit conditions, lack of reciprocity, and related factors and periodically update the President
- Update the President specifically on China's implementation of its commitments under the Kuala Lumpur Joint Arrangement
- Recommend additional actions to address the national emergency if circumstances warrant